The Tao of Simple Living
From Chapter 80 – The Small Country
- A small community is a good place to live, one where the citizens are content and do not wish to leave.
- They are fully prepared to defend themselves yet avoid leaving their lands to get involved in unnecessary conflicts.
- Small communities can be self-sufficient and are not dependent on outside resources. They take care of themselves.
- Small communities offer a simple life that harmonizes Longevity.
- Small communities are filled with neighbors, friends, and family members who support one another on many levels.
- The Small Country Principle is alive and well in the modern world and they are known as “Blue Zones”
The Blue Zones
A few years ago, I discovered a book that helped to sharpen my focus on Longevity. I started reading articles about people turning one hundred years old and how they were able to live so long. Eventually, my curiosity led me to a book titled “The Blue Zones” authored by a man named Dan Buettner.
Dan Buettner, National Geographic Explorer, and author of “The Blue Zones, Lessons for Living Longer from the People Who’ve Lived the Longest” discovered five special places around the world where people live longer than average. With higher numbers of centenarians, these communities were called “Blue Zone” and become famous for their simple but powerful lifestyle practices.
One of the key traits these groups had in common was that they held a strong sense of community. Within this strong sense of community, they lived and shared close relationships with friends and family nearby. While listening to the lecture on Chapter 80, I was reminded of this, and close it follows the Tao and how it reflects the lessons of small communities living simple yet happy content lives. This seems to be one of the secrets to living to one hundred years old.
Chapter 80, of the Tao Te Ching, is called “A Small Country”. When you read the verse below, remember much of the translation uses metaphors. “A Small Country” is a metaphor for a small group, small town, or small community”. Taoist principles adhere to a smaller simpler way of life. Specifically, Lao Tzu is talking about living a simple life in a small town. In modern times, ‘’a small country’’ can be not only a small town, but being part of a community, subdivision, neighborhood, or village. Read the verses below and I will explain how and why this can be an important aspect of a Lifestyle for Longevity. The context is life in a small-knit community and how they thrive.
Small country, few people
Let them have many weapons but not use them
Let the people regard death seriously
And not migrate far away
Although they have boats and chariots
They have no need to take them
Although they have armors and weapons
They have no need to display them
Let the people return to tying knots and using them
Savor their food, admire their clothes
Content in their homes, happy in their customs
Neighboring countries see one another
Hear the sounds of roosters and dogs from one another
The people until they grow old and die
Do not go back and forth with one another
We begin with the first three verses:
“Small Country, few people
Let them have many weapons but not use them
Let the people regard death seriously
Chapter 80, Tao Te Ching
In ancient China, the peasant farmers owned weapons, but being Tao cultivators they did not seek to use them. When threatened they stuck together to form a defensive force against aggression. So while they did go out looking for trouble, they could defend themselves with force and make it much harder, less appetizing for those who are looking for an easy target.
Life was hard but good, and these simple people took life and death seriously so they would only fight to defend themselves and then only what is required to survive.
And not migrate far away
Although they have boats and chariots
They do not need to take them
Taking arms to go fight a neighboring land means that they would have to leave home to risk their lives unnecessarily. Their instinct was to stay close and take care of their home. And because they are happy where they live they do not feel a need to leave. Even though they have the means to travel away, ”boats and chariots”, they don’t need to use them for anything other than short trips nearby trade which benefits everyone.
Many things can happen and go wrong when the men would leave their families to go off and fight. Not were trade and farming in neglect, but they could and would get wounded or lose their life on a distant battlefield. This creates a big loss back home when the person who did the work and protected the community was now wounded or dead and unable to contribute.
When life is good, people prefer to keep their wellbeing going which means staying put and not leaving home. Contentment is a powerful sentiment, one that leads to longevity.
Let the people return to tying knots and using them
Savor their food, admire their clothes
Content in their homes, happy in their customs
These three verses form a metaphor lesson of enjoying the simple good life. Knots are a metaphor for the ancient practice of tying knots to remember something. “Tying knots” means finding simple and useful solutions to everyday problems. The wisdom here is to come up with simple effective tools and strategies for accomplishing a task without letting get too complicated. Solve problems the easy way and don’t let yourself lose contentment through too much complexity.
Be content at home staying close and enjoying the simple joys of life in moderation. In the modern age, I can think of various communities that enjoy getting together for fun, relaxation, and food. It’s simple and fun to celebrate traditions such as holiday celebrations, colloquial food celebrated at certain times of the year, and spiritual events. I live down south, so this can mean having collard greens and black-eyed peas for New Year’s. In our house, a family tradition is having Mac-n-Chees at Thanksgiving. Our family Christmas holiday has its own fun traditions as well as other festive holidays. When I lived in Montgomery, Al, a local quirky custom was that the children would put on their finest Easter dresses but go barefooted to the Church service. These are all simple meaningful things that local groups, or “small countries” do to enjoy the simple life within their community.
Reading The Blue Zones book I learned that towns and villages in:
- Sardinia, Italy;
- Nicoya, Costa Rica;
- Ikaria, Greece
- Loma Linda, California, US
- Okinawa, Japan
All seem to have similar traits in Lao Tzu’s “small country”. They spent most of their lives right in the village where they grew up, eating a simple plant-based diet, tight-knit social groups that help each other out for the collective good of all.
Neighboring countries see one another
Hear the sounds of roosters and dogs from one another
When people are content with their harmonious lifestyle, they know and support other nearby similar communities. Harmony between the individuals of the small town lends itself to harmony with other nearby communities. A kind of intimacy exists where neighbors know each other’s situation on a simple level such as hearing and knowing the sound of your neighbors’ animals (dogs and roosters). Can you imagine waking up in the early morning hours in a village and the first sounds you hear are the people who live around you waking up and coming to life? Everyone gets up with the singular purpose of working to make each other’s lives better. In a small community, the people will know when someone has trouble and can help. They are all interconnected in such a way that working and caring for each other creates a sustaining harmony. This harmony is a powerful virtue for longevity, back then as well as in the modern age. Perhaps I should say, especially in the modern age with so much complex social distraction at large.
The people until they grow old and die
Do not go back and forth with one another
The people live their lives, from birth to death in harmony with each other. They nurture familial, communal, and social harmony by avoiding egocentric drama while practicing mutual caring for the community.
This chapter is not just about the higher quality of small community living but also and especially about the longevity that comes forth from living the simple life.
Summary:
- The ideal place to spend a life is a place small enough that one can get to know intimately, including the people, the land, and nature.
- Even though there are plenty of means to leave home, they don’t feel the need to leave because they are content, fulfilled, and happy.
- Small towns are prepared for emergencies and can defend themselves, they do not dwell on conflict.
- They use simple solutions to correct problems, avoiding complexity. They don’t overthink, overcook, over spice and stick to the wisdom and customs that have maintained harmony for generations.
- They stay engaged with each other so they can care for each other to maintain the whole. They are close enough to realize when a neighbor or friend needs assistance, or when they need help, others will know and come to help out. In this way, harmony is maintained and life proceeds without unnecessary stress.





